The Pardoners Tale By Chaucer Theme Analysis - 1533 Words

Theme Analysis Essay The Canterbury tales have various stories that have moral lessons. Along with that, many themes can be found in these tales. Among the various pilgrims featured in the Canterbury Tales, the Pardoner is one of the most fully described characters. Chaucer goes into great detail describing the Pardoner. The Pardoner is a fraudulent huckster who shows who does not care about passing off false items as the relics of saints. He also sells indulgences in exchange for money. The Pardoner shifts from moments of direct honesty to shameless deceit, openly admitting the tricks of his trade to the travelers but nevertheless attempting to use these various methods on these travelers who are aware of his schemes. In his prologue,†¦show more content†¦The three men could have easily shared the treasure they found and been rich. Greed took control of the two older men and they killed their younger friend without a second thought. This plot event clearly shows how the tw o men betrayed the younger friend for the gold that they all found under the tree. There is no question that the two older men are â€Å"distracted by gold†¦and soon forget about their dead friend, each of them wanting to taak the gold hoom’† (King 1). This is a stark contrast from the beginning of the tale when the three men said they would â€Å"live and die for one another as brother born might swear to his born brother† (Chaucer 100-101). This quote is comparing the friendship these men share to the bonds of brotherhood. In other words, this quote is stating that nothing can come in between the oath these men swear to each other. However, when the men found the gold each of the men broke their oath without hesitation. This shows how the men only care about personal and materialistic gain. Along with that, it is seen that the men are only concerned with what is tangible. They know nothing outside their materialism and â€Å"their dedication to food an d drink is another dimension of their materialism† (Williams 82). The men start off in a bar setting eating and drinking gluttonously and after finding the gold, the firstShow MoreRelated Powerful Satire in Chaucers Canterbury Tales Essay3466 Words   |  14 PagesThe Canterbury Tales If one theme can be considered overriding or defining throughout Medieval European society, it would most likely be the concept of social class structure. During this early historical period in Europe, most of society was divided into three classes or estates: the workers, the nobles, and the clerics. By Chaucers time, however, the powerful estate structure had begun to wear down. Weaknesses in the system became apparent, as many people, such as Chaucer himself, seemedRead MoreThe Canterbury Tales : An Analysis Of Medieval Life By Geoffrey Chaucer939 Words   |  4 PagesCanterbury Tales: An Analysis of Medieval Life by Geoffrey Chaucer The Canterbury Tales is strongly considered one of the greatest works in medieval literature. An admirer of Chaucer, and the author of Chaucer and the Fifteenth Century, H.S. Bennett describes Chaucer’s unique style as, â€Å"No detail was too small for him to observe, and from it he could frequently draw, or suggest, conclusions which would have escaped many.† While The Canterbury Tales was originally intended to be an epic poemRead More The Bourgeois Social Class in Chaucers Canterbury Tales Essay5130 Words   |  21 PagesIt is clear that Geoffrey Chaucer was acutely aware of the strict classist system in which he lived; indeed the very subject matter of his Canterbury Tales (CT) is a commentary on this system: its shortcomings and its benefits regarding English society. In fact, Chaucer is particularly adept at portraying each of his pilgrims as an example of various strata within 14th century English society. And upon first reading the CT, one might mista ke Chaucers acute social awareness and insightful characterizationsRead MoreFigurative Language and the Canterbury Tales13472 Words   |  54 Pagesones. Often this term is used interchangeably with both the literary technique and the larger story itself that contains the smaller ones, which are called framed narratives or embedded narratives. The most famous example is Chaucers Canterbury Tales, in which the overarching frame narrative is the story of a band of pilgrims traveling to the shrine of Thomas a Becket in Canterbury. The band passes the time in a storytelling contest. The framed narratives are the individual stories told by theRead MoreSniper and How Much Land Does Man Require5559 Words   |  23 Pagesattempting to encircle in one day. His anxiety and exertion kill him and he is buried in just six feet of earth. The whole story illustrates how foolish people can be when they try to be too important and to acquire too much. Tolstoy uses the same theme in another simple story titled What Men Live By. Tolstoys whole philosophy in his later life is pretty much exemplified in the Sermon on the Mount in the Book of Matthew in the New Testament. He himself gave up his privileged position as a Russian

Essentialism Gender Role Free Essays

Essentialism refers to the belief that people or culture have and underlying and unchanging state. The concept of essentialism in gender states that there are innate differences between a man and a woman and an unchanged idea of what it means to be a man or a woman. Thus men and women are subject to gender role that is their define occupation, behaviour and role in the society. We will write a custom essay sample on Essentialism: Gender Role or any similar topic only for you Order Now Non essentialism is that difference in men and women behaviour and role is culturally and socially constructed. The article â€Å"Scrap that single woman stereotype† (Ellie Mae O’Hagan 2012), illustrate the essentialist view of women role. That is women have limited option about their path. In the article the author illustrate that to be seen as a successful woman, women should subscribe to the gender role laid down by the society. They are less considered if they are not married even if they have achieved an independent economic status. In China, they are considered as â€Å"societal lepers†, outsiders of the society. Society do not accept woman to be totally independent financially and emotionally toward men. It is illustrated by the case of that woman who had to fly away from China as it was not accepted that at over 27 years old she was not married. The social system follows the essentialist theory and it rewards women for performing their gender role correctly and punishes them if they choose not to follow conventional gender role. Gender essentialism has been used to advocate and explain the conventional and natural role of women. Buss and Schmitt (1993) stated that women are generally more interested in long term relationship than men. That is women have more tendency to seek for marriage than men. The reason given by Buss and Schmitt for women to want a â€Å"long term mate† is to provide them with resources like money or food. It is an essentialist view of woman not able to provide themselves with money and food. However, increasingly women are independent and challenging the conventional idea that men who are breadwinner. That suggests that the roles played by the two genders are constructed by society and can be changed. Another aspect of essentialism is that roles are mapped out by nature. The role of woman is natural and exists outside of cultural and social conditioning, thus by nature women need to carrying, emotional or dependant. Women not responding to that view would be always questioned and depreciated by others. The author of the article suggests that women who are single are due to a â€Å"flaw† opposed to â€Å"life natural turbulence†. So by nature women cannot stay single and it is a fault if they stayed unmarried. Those are generalised statement which are asserted and taken for natural and universal. By consequence, as suggested by Marcia (1966), people think that gender roles reflect natural tendencies and do not consider themselves outsides these roles. It influences their decision, occupation and behaviour. The author herself justifies her singlehood and her view of single woman was influenced by the essentialist view of single women, that they are unhappy and do not have a fulfilling life. Essentialist norms about natural traits of a woman, states that women would achieve happiness and satisfaction if the accept the traditional role in relationship. Thus it maintains gender inequity and patriarchy as a universal system. It manifests in terms of stereotypical assumption about role of women in relation to man. There are assumptions about what women are and what women should be. Even if a woman rejects the stereotypes, she is judge by others with references to stereotypes (Steele 1997). The singlehood is considered to be the woman fault and be blame for it. Singlehood in essentialism is considered also as consequence of women bad decisions, behaviour according to normal gender role and a assume decision of women. The feminist essentialism as stated by Irigaray, argues that women condition and role has been defined by a patriarchal society. According to feminist women are forced by men to play certain roles defined by feminine traits like passive, submissive, emotional or caring. Women are expected to be wife, mother and cannot transgress those expectations. Feminist have adopted non-essentialism to challenge society. Non- essentialism argues that culture shapes roles for men and women and that it is transmitted by culture through generation. So societies have pre-existing norms and expectations. According to non- essentialism men and women are socially and culturally grown up to adopt gender specific behaviours. Society maintains and reinforces stereotypes. The articles illustrate also that women do live a fulfilling life whether or not married. Even if researches shows that single woman achieved more in life than single man, society and people still view them as unhappy and faulty. Women like interviewed in the articles are frustrated due to these stereotypes. Society searches reason for their singlehood. Single women are considered whether workaholic or careerist. Essentialism associated these characteristic to men but no to women. Essentialism maintains gender stereotyping and inequities. Women are expected using the nature reason to behave in a certain way. Even if women now work and are independent they still are expected to fulfil their role of wife and mother. Non- essentialism illustrate that gender determined role is not natural but socially constructed. Reference list: Ellie Mae O’Hagan. 012. Scrap that single woman stereotype. The Guardian. http://www. guardian. co. uk/commentisfree/2012/jul/27/scrap-single-womanstereotype Buss, D. M. , Schmitt, D. P. 1993. Sexual strategies theory: An evolutionary perspectiveon human mating. Psychological Review, 100, 204-232 Marcia J. E. 1966. Development and validation of ego development status. Journal ofPersonality and Social Psychology,3, 551-558. Steele, C. M. 1997. A threat in the air: How stereotype shape intellectual indentity andperformance. American Psychologist, 52, 613-629. How to cite Essentialism: Gender Role, Papers

Service scape free essay sample

Comparing with other HM stores, it only attracts a small number of customers. As a result, our group made a research about the shop in order to discover the problems and provide meaningful suggestions. Based on the group member’s real introspection about the shop and the servicescape which enabled us to have general beliefs, feelings, and behavioral intentions toward the store (Elisabeth 2011), our group analyzed the problem of HM through three aspects, vision, odor and auditory sense. In order to draw more customers’ attention, we concluded several alternative choices that can be adopted to redesign the shop’s physical evidence. However, on account of the fact that only four introspections obtained, this research has several limitations. In the further study, researchers can interview more customers to acquire more reliable advices. The Introduction HM Hennes Mauritz is Sweden multinational company which is involved in the design, production and retail of fashion clothes and accessories. It had opened more 2,200 stores in 38 countries over the world until 2010 and continued to expand and open their new store in other five markets in 2011. The business concept of HM is to offer good quality fashion products at the best price. Without owning any production lines or factories, HM is supported by 700 supplies in 300 countries, and most of them are in Europe and Asia. In 2010, HM online store opened in the UK, which is one of the most significant markets. (HM Annual Report 2010) There are two HM stores located in Liverpool One. The HM Liverpool that is prepared to redesign the servicescape is on the Church Street, which is opened much earlier than the one on the Paradise Street. It is a three storeyed shop selling fashionable clothing and related accessories for women, men and kids. Compared with the HM on the Paradise Street, its decor style seems more old- fashioned looked from the exterior and the interior layout looks sort of crowded and disordered. Therefore, the redesign and modifications of the servicescape are considered necessary. Among a variety of factors in the auditory, visual and olfactory dimensions, music, color and scent will be the main focuses. Redesigning the auditory dimensions In terms of the musicscape, variables that may affect customer cognitive or emotional response to the service encounters in the store are the demographics of the firm’s target customer and the popularity of the music (Baron et al 2009). Oakes also found that factors regarding to the characteristics of the background music can be the type, tempo, harmony and volume (Oakes 2000). These two main aspects need to be considered together when modifying the auditory dimensions. Music Genre The HM 2010 Conscious Actions Sustainability Report states that their target customer is people at any age who love fashion and enjoy shopping fashionable and trendy products (HM 2010). In this sense, it might be better if the genre of background music in the store is pop and frequently heard in most instances. For example, research has found that customers tend to stay longer and spend more money if they think the background music is in accordance with the shop style (Radocy and Boyle 1997). The current music played in the store is basically congruent with the taste of the target customer. However, the constantly repeated melody can annoy customers who stay longer in the store. As the experience showed by our group member in the Introspection 4 (Appendices), the background music initially excited him but eventually became noise to him to some extent. In addition, North and Hargreaves also revealed that although pop music is more liked by most people, classical music can stimulate customer’s purchase intention and buy more expensive items (Oaks 2007). Therefore, the store can adjust the music style timely according to different needs of customers. Music Tempo HM Liverpool has been adopting the fast tempo music all the time. However, Baron et al suggest that slow tempos are more likely to create a relaxed and comfortable atmosphere than fast tempo music, which make customers stay longer in the service environment and purchase more products (Baron et al 2009). For this reason, it can be worthwhile for the manager to consider changing the fast tempo music into relatively slower tempo music. Besides, Sweeny and Wyber’s research also demonstrated that both the service quality and shopping pleasure perceived by customers can be positively influenced by slow popular and fast classical music in the retail environment (Sweeny and Wyber 2002). Music Volume The volume of the background music in HM Liverpool is comparatively high. The findings of Oaks’s studies revealed that low volume music facilitates a longer period of stay of customers in the retail store; nevertheless, loud music can influence the shopping pace of customers to become faster. Additionally, Stipp’s research indicated that women prefer slow and soft music than faster and louder music in contrast with men (Stipp 1990). Since female customer will normally account for the largest proportion in the total number of consumers, it is advisable to take this fact into consideration seriously. Furthermore, based our group member’s real experience, the loud background music in the store facilitated their quick leave indeed (Introspection 1). As a result, it is recommended that HM Liverpool can lower the music volume a bit, to avoid the noise effect perceived customers caused by the long time exposure to the high volume, and play more elegant and tasteful music. Redesigning the olfactory dimensions In terms of olfaction, although there is a voice claims that the effect of this stimulus on consumer behavior is inapparent and also has received less attention compared to other atmospheric factors (Teller and Dennis, 2011), more people argue that olfactory stimulus does influence the consumer behaviour and lead them to develop a holistic impression of the store (Ward et al, 2003). Therefore, scent is an indispensable part of store environment which should be paid more attention and improved by HM store. In fact, the positive effect of scent on retailing marketing has been proved and also used widely. For example, aromas are chosen in Las Vegas casinos to stimulate exciting emotion to promote larger bets. Likewise, in fashion industry, Victoria Secret lingerie store uses the smell of potpourri which can contribute to the particular identity of their products (Grewel and Baker, 1994). However, it seems like that HM has not realized it. Their olfaction does not help them and even creates opposite effects. According to the experience of one group member which is showed in introspection 1 (appendix), the strong bad smells caused by the accessories made of artificial leather made him feel uncomfortable and did not want to stay there any longer. In this case, the sense of smell can have strong effects on consumer responses to retail environments (Bone and Ellen, 1999). Moreover, the bad scent can also create a negative image of products for consumers in HM store. In order to overcome this problem, ventilation needs to function well in the store. Besides, air freshener should be used to remove those terrible smells. Additionally, HM also can utilize odors’ strong persuasive power to achieve competitive advantages (Bone and Ellen, 1999). For instance, as Victoria Secret mentioned before, HM could add various fragrance in their retail environment to build a better impression for consumers. Based on the theory of Mitchell and the market positioning and product characteristic of HM, fresh and dynamic scent congruent with the products could encourage the sales directly (Mitchell et al, 1995). Furthermore, HM need to pay attention to keep consistency between scent and music which can leads more favorable influence (Spangenberg et al, 2005). Redesigning the visual dimensions In servicescape, color, regarded as one of the most salient determinants in atmospheric attributes, is a strong visual component in a physical setting, especially in an interior setting. The effects of colors have been widely studied and used from physiological and psychological impacts to produce autonomic biological reaction, create certain emotional and draw attention (Bellizzi et al, 1983). In general, specific influence of color is produced varying from different circumstance. There are two main aspects, which are color and lighting, need to be considered when redesigning the visual dimensions this store. The color of the shop front The current color of the store front is white on the whole with a typical red HM trademark as a sign, which a traditional store image of HM. However, since it is located on the high street of Liverpool One, the decor style of the front can make it not noticeable and attractive. As a result, the entire shop front is suggested to be modified into transparent glass so that people on the street who pass by the shop can easily see the display of the clothing in the store, and it also can be an effective way to marketing the new season products and fascinate more potential customers to come into HM. The color of the walls According to the characteristics of HM’s target customer and its clothing design style, the white color of the wall in the store could be maintained since white is regarded as a basic color that can sets off the diversity and beautifulness of colors of the clothing and it is widely adopted in most retail stores as well. Moreover, depending on different type of clothing, a number of theme walls painted by distinct attractive colors can be designed to display the features and functions of the products. For instance, when it comes to leisure wears, particular theme wall painted in light yellow with somber light irradiate on it can create a feeling of relaxed and warmness (Bateson. J Hoffman D. , 2010). Additionally, colors such as red or orange are more suitable to be used on the background wall when exhibiting fashionable female cloths. It can strongly arouse the potential excitation or an elated mood of customers and also their perception of a high quality of the products. (Schaie Heiss, 1964). Concerning men’s clothing, violet combined with bright color could be appropriately applied to state the sense of coolness and dignity (Bateson. J Hoffman D. , 2010). In this case, what need pay attention to is that the product color must be coordinated with color in walls to avoid terrible color assortment. Layout John said that in a high contact service operation, the consumer expects the facility and layout to be fashionable. Due to this concept, we already finish doing the three previous changes which contains odor, vision, and auditory sense on HM to construct the shop as a whole into a modern store. However, considering the significance on the convenient of consumers, we attempt to adjust the layout of fitting rooms, add more necessary signage, and rearrange the location of shelving to leave more space for customers. Firstly, it might be better if the fitting room could contain a larger mirror, a chair, two hangers and one staff which assist consumer to try on the clothes in order. Secondly, for a shop it is essential to arrange enough signage to guide customers to find different type of products (John, 2008). Based on this circumstance, it is suggested to add several signage, such as one in the fitting room, one beside the elevator, one over the cashier desk and the others in the different shopping area to show the classification of the clothe. Additionally, the shop can add several cloth-boards to put folded clothes in order to save space. Finally, reclassifying the cloth through size, kind, sales and season will enhance the convenience for consumers when searching clothes. Conclusions To sum up, based on the servicescape, we provided several alternative choice through odour, vision, and auditory sense of HM’s physical evidence to draw customer’s attention. Compared with the original shop, we recommend to enhance the function of the air conditioner to filter the air, change the colour of the wall to set off clothes and highlight the new product, play the slow tempo pop music to facilitate consumption, use the yellow, warm light to construct a harmonious atmosphere to select clothes, add several kind of signage to instruct customers finding products needed, rearrange the layout to expand the space of the shop to make the whole shop feel clean and tidy, and finally redesign the fitting room to let customers feel more comfortable when they try on clothes. Because these changes integrate both introspection of our group member and the theory of the servicescape, we wish that HM can accept the plan and redesign the physical evidence of the shop to draw customer’s attention, increase sales and build a newly improved brand image. Recommendation On account of HM’s situation, ambient factors including auditory, olfactory and visual factors and functional perceptions such as design and layout have been analyzed. However, the store environment is a combination of all of those factors. Thus, the interaction between those varieties should not be ignored. For further research, the interdependence of ambient factors needs to be paid more attention. For instance, in terms of olfactory dimensions, the recommendations regarding odors in store need to be explained further studied to find more science-based ways of utilizing scent effects. Besides, the effects of different scents should be proved by evidences. Therefore, the further research should focus on interaction among ambient factors. More research should be conducted in order to figure out more details of ambient factors’ influence. On the other hand, the high volume of music is also helpful to protect customers privacy, for instance, I can feel free to talk with my friend in that environment. However, sometime I may feel stressful due to the loud background music and humdrum music also drove me to leave as sooner as possible. In terms of colour, I like the various colour combinations in the HM store. I feel warm within some soft colour and also more confident when the light is harmonious with the cloth. Colourful store environment really attracts me and promote me to watch more product and try them. However, some stores of HM are seemed like not really care about the colour because they just have very simple decoration which cannot have any effect to attract customers. Personally, don’t like the scent in HM store. The strange smells which come from the new cloth make me really uncomfortable. Maybe the staff could use some air freshener to cover it. Introspection (2) One day, I plan to buy a jean skirt on HM, located in Liverpool One. HM gives a good impression upon me before I entered the shop because of succinct storefront design-decorate with glass and dull woods. When I entered the shop, I felt a bit uncomfortable due to the high temperature and strong smell of painting, which led to annoyed emotion during the following shopping behaviour. When I searched the items I wanted to buy, I found there was no sign to guide where I could pick out my ideal goods in mussy clothes set. I needed to hunt for this skirt through crowed passageway without any help from personnel. After I picked out a dream skirt and intended to change in fitting room, located in the hidden corner, I had no idea where it is without any signs or guidance from the shop or staff. When I finished and wanted to settle accounts, I waited for a long time because there were no personnel in cashier desk. When I finished the whole process of that purchase behavior, I realized it was a unpleasant experience in HM. Compared to this shop, another H M store is impressed to me. This shop was full of warm light and light music, to relax the customers and beautify the clothes due to light tone. Meanwhile, the passionate personnel and clear symbols decreased the time waste in looking for which might led to negative mood. In addition to, efficient organization operation helped me to pay quickly. In a word, this HM did better in management than that one. Introspection (3) Last week, my friend and I went to the HM which is located in Liverpool one to buy a T-shirt for doing exercise. The first time I came into the shop, I found the temperature in this place was really warm that made me happy to go shopping. However, the air, smells of paint, caused me uncomfortable to find my clothes. When I came to the ground floor, I didnt find any signage to show the segmentation about the clothes. Due to this circumstance, I spent half an hour to search the T-shirt which is suitable for me. On account of the terrible layout between each clothe rack; I got several troubles to go around the shop. Fortunately, i found the clothes in the corner of the second floor, but to my surprise, there were only two mirrors in the second floor, so I had to go to the fitting room to try the T-shirt. The fitting room was quite comfortable if you didnt need the shop assistant to help, because there were no one service in this place. Finally, both of us found the suitable products and went to the cashier desk. Unfortunately, there were no shop assistants waiting for us, so we had to stand for 2 minutes to pay the T-shirt. To make a conclusion, If the HM didnt change their physical evidence, I would never go back again. Introspection (4) Before I entered into the store, the whole shop front left me a plain and clean impression due to the dull coloring, which makes it not as prominent as the other stores on the high street. I felt quite warm after I got into the shop, and the fast tempo music kind of excited me, which makes me feel pleased, interested and enthusiastic about the clothing and accessories displayed in the shop. In the first place, I came in sight of the new season’s fashions because they were arranged at central or front areas and bright lights shone on them. In spite of the fact that the whole store looked fairly crowed, I find them easy to notice. I selected a top that I thought might be suitable for me, and its price is also relatively reasonable. All the price tags were clearly placed in a vertical position on the clothes stand, so I still saw the promotion area through the sales signage though it was far away. However, I did not find anything I like among the products that were on sale. A number of accessories were all over the place and no staff was coming to put them back to the hangers. Moreover, a strong bad smell that may aroused by the artificial leathers drove me stay shorter. After I found nothing else interests me, I took the staircase to see what is on the second floor. The staircase was so narrow that customer can only took it one by one. There was no specific signage shows the main product type on the second floor, so I got confused about where I can find nightwear that I was intended to buy. I walked and looked around for some time and finally saw a numbers of nightwear arranged near the gym suits. Besides, I also found that the fitting room was just right behind, so I went into it to try on the clothes I picked up. The location of the fitting room was not as obvious as the nightwear as well; I felt that it could take some time to find if I did not see it by coincidence. There were no staffs in the changing room waiting to serve; as a result, I used the self-service. The design of the fitting room was fairly sensible and considerate. Two whole length mirrors enable me to see the appearance of front and back of the clothing I tried on. Moreover, there was a room which is twice as large as normal rooms designed for disabled people. I was very pleased with the items I chose, so I decided to pay for them. While I was in a queue waiting for the payment, I became impatient and annoyed by the background music. There were two cash registers but only one shop staff available. After I paid all my items and went out the shop, I suddenly felt the outside air was much better than the inside, but sort of cold. Figure 1: Summary of the servicescape redesign.

That Newfangled Technology Essay Example

That Newfangled Technology Paper Set Phasers on Stun Case Case 14: That Newfangled Technology Summary: On the morning of September 8, 1923, Lieutenant Commander Donald T. Hunter was assigned to responsible for leading fourteen destroyers of Destroyer Squadron 11 to depart from San Francisco to San Diego. They were returning home after an escorting Battle Division 4 from Puget Sound to San Francisco. At that time, the Destroyer Squadron comprised with leading flagship that commanded by Captain Hunter, USS Delphy (DD-261) and followed by; the four ships of Destroyer Division 33, USS S. P. Lee (DD-310), USS Young (DD-312), USS Woodbury (DD-309), and USS Nicholas (DD-311); the five ships from Destroyer Division 31, USS Farragut (DD-300), USS Fuller (DD-297), USS Percival (DD-298), USS Somers (DD-301), and USS Chauncey (DD-296); and four ships from Destroyer Division 32, USS Kennedy (DD-306), USS Paul Hamilton (DD-307), USS Stoddert (DD-302), and USS Thomson (DD-305). The warships conducted tactical gears and weaponry exercises en route, including a competitive speed run of 20 knots. Later in the day, as weather worsened, the ships formed up a column on the squadron leader â€Å"Delphy†. That evening, around 2000 hours (8:00 p. . ), the leading flagship broadcast an erroneous report, based on an improperly interpreted radio compass bearing, showing the squadrons position about nine miles off Point Arguello. About an hour later, the destroyers turned east to enter what was thought to be the Santa Barbara Channel, though it could not be seen owing to the thick fog. Unfortunately, due to a combination of abnormally strong currents and navigational complacency, it led the squadron onto the rocks offshore point and rugged area of San Miguel Island, near Honda Point. Just after turning, Delphy struck the rocks at 2105 (9:05 p. m. ), plowing ashore at 20 knots. We will write a custom essay sample on That Newfangled Technology specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on That Newfangled Technology specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on That Newfangled Technology specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer More than worse, Delphy was followed by S. P. Lee, which hit and swung broadside against the bluffs. Young piled up adjacent to Delphy and capsized, trapping many of her fire and engine room crew below. While Woodbury, Nicholas, and Fuller struck reefs and ran aground offshore, Chauncey ran in close aboard Young. However, the alarm sirens slowed Somers and Farragut enough, so they just touched ground before backing off to deeper water while the five other destroyers steered completely clear. Although heavy pounding surf broke over the seven stranded destroyers, eventually breaking the Delphy into two parts. Hundreds of thousands gallons of fuel oil from seven ships spilled into the crashing waves, carbide bombs were exploded when they came in contact with the water, and numerous fires began on the ships and on the surface of the sea. Finally, 23 men died in the ensuring attempts to abandon the ships and make it to shore in the darkness and heavy surf. About 450 survivors from the seven warships made their way slowly to the narrow and rocky beach below the cliff during the hour that followed. S. P. Lee S. P. Lee Fuller Fuller Woodbury Woodbury Chauncey Chauncey Delphy Delphy Young Young Nicholas Nicholas What Went Wrong: It later turned out to the light that the Squadron was actually several miles north and further east, but Captain Hunter had disbelieved the accuracy of a Point Arguello radio signal. Following the turn, Point Arguello was dead ahead, and distant only about two nautical miles. The Point Arguello light may have been hidden by the fog. However, did Captain Hunter issue an order to change-of course of 95 ° left turn, or did he order his ships to turn to a bearing of 95 ° magnetic? Additional Factors: Communication between Captain Hunter and Radioman Falls: The communication between Captain Hunter and the radioman was misunderstood. The radioman would report the wrong bearings, when the reciprocal bearing should have been reported instead. Had the correct bearings been reported from the beginning, the ship wouldn’t have crashed. â€Å"Newfangled Technology† Feedback: The mistaken â€Å"error† proved that Captain Hunter cannot always rely on his strong self-reliance and that even a skilled mathematician makes mistakes; and that it’s acceptable to rely on technology. There was no feedback given back to Captain Hunter to state its’ reasoning behind the bearing that was being reported to him. Also, there was no feedback given to challenge Captain Hunter’s navigations. If more feedback was given, it could have been sensed that navigation was off route. Continued use of â€Å"That Newfangled Technology†: After the incident of being reported the wrong bearings, Captain Hunter still continued to use the navigation by radio bearing. It was assumed as an honest mistake. It wasn’t until after the crash that Captain Hunter realized that the radioman was giving him the correct bearings from the beginning. This could have been prevented if the system would have been checked after the first wrong bearing, to see what the reasoning behind such an error was; instead of continuing on the journey. More Information: According to an article by Noah Andre Trudeau, â€Å"California Naval History – Point Honda: A Naval Tragedy’s Chain of Errors†, a lean budget and distrust of new technology contributed to a naval tragedy at Honda Point, California (Trudeau, 2012). Speed was the essential creed of the early to mid-20th century destroyer driver. Determination and self-confidence was a style of command in which those qualities could achieve the impossible while in peacetime the same attributes contributed to one of the U. S. Navy’s most significant disasters (Trudeau, 2012). The 18 ships were meant to travel along the California coast to San Diego, with their two high powered and low powered turbines, four tall thin funnels and a book speed topped at 32 knots. Due to the postwar budget cutbacks, they were operating at 20-30% below full complement. Although a lot of live were lost during this tragedy, all the blame wasn’t on Captain Hunter. Everyone played a part, from, Watson’s fixation on making a record 20-knot passage along with his failure to supervise the navigation, Blodgett’s inability to express his concerns, and the silence of the other squadron officers. Uncertainties surround the new technology, unusual weather conditions and minor equipment problems also played a part (Trudeau, 2012). Lesson Learned: This case illustrated the importance of human error and testing all new technology before use. Although all faults in the technology may not be quickly discovered testing all aspects is critical. It is learned that although you may be proficient in a skill and have applicable experience, mistakes still happen. The people with great skill and power, like Lieutenant Commander Donald T. Hunter, are still fallible as human beings. Despite having a fully functioning technology system to navigate, it shouldn’t completely be dependent on. Instead, the two should assist each other, human intelligence and newfound technology. Additional Reference: Trudeau, N. A. (2012, March 2). California Naval History-Point Honda: A Naval Tragedys Chain of Errors. Retrieved October 29, 2012, from The California State Military Museum: A United States Army Museum Activity: Preserving Californias Military Heritage: http://www. militarymuseum. org/PtHonda. html